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Jack-in-the-Box Fruit Tree - Hernandia nymphaeifolia

10/23/2016

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Can grow up to 30 ft. tall.
Ornamental tree.
Evergreen with an open, odd crown.
Found in Eastern Africa through tropical Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands.
Plant of lowland tropical climates.
Has some medicinal properties.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

Image Source: Tau'olunga (commons.wikimedia)

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Kamani - Calophyllum inophyllum

10/22/2016

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Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Introduced to Hawaii by people of other Pacific islands during a migration that happened over a 1,000 years ago.
Fine grained wood.
Green fruit.
Nut from fruit produced an oil that was used for lighting and for rubbing down canoes.
Old saying that a Kamani was planted wherever a temple for royalty was built.
Evergreen tree.
Known as Alexandrian Laurel.

(Source: Majesty I, 1982)

Native to the shores of the Indian and Western Pacific Oceans.
Reaches a height of 60 ft. in height.
White flowers are used in leis.

(Source: Rauch, 2000)

Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

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Kapok - Ceiba pentandra

10/21/2016

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Smooth trunk.
Introduced by Dr. William Hillebrand in 1851.
"Floss" called "kapok" is used in life preservers and other water safety equipment because of its buoyant wood.
It can support 20 to 30 times its own weight in water.
Still an important export product in Asia where the seeds in the pods are processed to obtain oil for soaps.

Source: (Majesty I, 1982)

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Kassod - Senna Siamea

10/20/2016

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Image Source: Vinayaraj (commons.wikimedia)

Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Also known as Siamese Senna.
Grows up to 54 ft. tall.
Ornamental tree.
Very dense crown.
Wood Produces yellow powder that can cause irritation to the skin.
Native to SE Asia.
Young fruits and leaves are eaten as a vegetable.
Flowers are yellow.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

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Kauila - Alphitonia ponderosa

10/19/2016

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Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Native to Hawaii.
Listed "Vulnerable" on the IUCN list.
Reaches 49-79 ft. tall.
Leaves are shiny, green, and hairless.
Red fruit.
Inhabits dry, coastal forests.
Has reddish brown wood.
Was a replacement for metal by Native Hawaiian who used fishing lures and daggers.

(Source: EOL, 2016)

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Kauri (Queensland) – Agathis robusta

10/18/2016

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Image Source: Sue Waters (Wiki Commons)

Up to 150 ft.
From Queensland, Australia.
Rainforests.
Wood used for furniture due to close-grained feature.
Introduced to Hawaii in the 1850’s as a potential wood to be used in shipbuilding/repairs, but ships switched to using metal before a crop of Kauri were ready.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Valued for its fine white straight-grained wood and is an important source of copal.
Copal is a key ingredient in varnishes and printing ink.

Source: (Majesty I, 1982)

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Kiawe - Prosopis pallida

10/17/2016

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Image Source: Forest and Kim Starr (Wiki Commons)

Planted in 1828.
Originally planted by Father Bachelot from the Royal Gardens in Paris.
Originating in Peru, Columbia, and Ecuador.
Tough wood.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Can grow up to 50 ft. high.
Thrives in hot, dry locations in deep soils.
There is also a thornless for of this tree.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Also known as algaroba or mesquite in other places,
Shade tree and source of nectar for honeybees.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Koa - Acacia koa

10/16/2016

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Image Source: Starr (commons. wikimedia)

Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Grows up to 50 ft. tall.
Wide spreading canopy.
Not recommended on Oahu due to an unknown pathogen fatal to young trees.

(Source: Rauch, 2000)

Koa grows on all the main islands, except Ni'ihau and Kaho'olave.
Trees in high moist elevations can reach up to 100 ft. in height.
Red wood with a wavy grain.
Sometimes called Hawaiian mahogany.
Prized for furniture and surfboards.
"Koa" means brave, bold, fearless.
It's a name given to boys.

(Source: Majesty II,1991)

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Kopiko ‘ula Tree – Psychotria hawaiiensis

10/15/2016

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Image Source: David Eickhoff

Can reach up to 60 ft.
Endemic to Hawaii and found in rainforests an Big Island, Molokai, and Maui.
Formerly used for firewood.
The hard, whitish wood was used for making kapa – beating anvils.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

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Kou Tree – Cordia subcordata

10/14/2016

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Image Source: Gil Hampshire (Wiki Commons)

Came from East Africa.
Brought over to Hawaii by Polynesian settlers.
Values for its superbly grained wood.
The wood is useful as dishes as here is no flavor added to contents inside these wooden dishes.
Heat and salt tolerant.
The orange flowers are used to make leis.
Is important in Tuamotus and Tonga cultures.
Wood is very difficult to obtain.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Height can reach up to 50 ft. tall.
Open, wide spreading canopy.
Thrives in poor soils.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Odorless flowers.
Leaves were a source of a light dye used for kappa.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Kukui Tree – Aleurites moluccana

10/13/2016

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Brought to Hawaii in the time of the Polynesian migration more than a thousand years ago.
Up to 50 ft.
Among the largest grove in the state.
Used to make black dye, light wood to make canoes (Important in Hawaii economy).
The white seed contains oil that helped to make candles and to fuel stone lamps.
The Kukui nuts are used to make leis.
Official tree of Hawaii.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Used as a specimen or massed in a grove.
Works best in full sun in soil with good drainage.
Leaves, flowers, and seeds are used in leis.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Designated Hawaii’s state tree in 1959.
Symbol for enlightenment.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

Grown as a boundary or wind breaker.
Oil extracted from the seeds was traditionally used by Hawaiians as a preservative for surfboards.
Many types of birds find shelter in its canopy.

Source: (Elevitch, 2006)

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Litchi (Lychee) - Litchi chinensis

10/12/2016

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Image Source: B. Navez (Wiki Commons)

Came to Hawaii in 1852.
Dense-foliaged tree that may produce more than 200 pounds of its fruit.
Native to Southern China and the Philippines.

Source: (Majesty I,1982)

Up to 40 ft. high.
Edible reddish, marron fruit.
Good shade tree.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Grown in subtropical and tropical regions.
It has been cultivated for over 2,000 years in China and Vietnam.

Source: (Wakeman, 2008)

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Loulu Palm – Pritchardia lowreyana

10/11/2016

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Image Source: David Eickhoff (Wiki Commons)

Height can reach up to 90 ft.
Endemic to Hawaii and the tallest.
Cool, moist habitat.
George Schattauer saved the trees from bulldozing.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

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Loulu Lelo Palm – Pritchardia hillebrandii

10/10/2016

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Image Source: David Eickhoff (Wiki Commons)

Height can reach up to 20 ft.
Endemic plant in Hawaii.
Blue/green leaves makes it a commonly used palm for landscaping.
Immature fruit has a coconut-like flower.
Named in honor of Dr. Williams Hillebrand.
Hawaiians formerly used the large, fun-shaped leaves for thatch.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Native to Hawaii.
Best in full sun.
Bluish silver color of foliage.
Prefers well – drained moderately moist soil.
Leaves, flowers, and fruit are used in arrangements.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Early Hawaiians constructed temporary temples from the fronds of loulo palm.
Prayers and offerings to Lono, god of agriculture and fertility.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Macadamia Nut - Macadamia integrifolia

10/9/2016

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Image Source: Forest and Kim Starr (Wiki Commons)

Growth and processing of macadamia nuts is a major industry for the state.
E.W. Jordan planted the first macadamia nut tree on Oahu around 1890.
Tree had been previously introduced to Big Island in 1885 by E.W. Purvis.
Native to Australia.

Source: (Majesty I, 1982)

Important commercial crop.
Important source of timber.

Source: (Wakeman, 2008)

Height reaching up to 30 to 40 ft. high and almost as wide.
Another common name is the Australian nut.

Source: (NTBG, 2016)

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Mahogany - Swietenia macrophylla

10/8/2016

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Image Source: Daderot (Wiki Commons)

Seeds of Mahogany trees had been sent to Hawaii from the West Indies by Gerrit P. Wilder in 1909.
Made for elegant furniture in the 18th century.

Source: (Majesty I, 1982)

One of tropical America's most valuable timber trees.
Native to the rainforests of the Caribbean coast of Central America, South America, and into the upper regions of the Amazon.
It can grow up to 150 ft. tall.
Thrives in higher rainfall areas.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

Overharvested for timber resulting in genetic mixing with indigenous trees.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Mammee Apple - Mammea americana

10/7/2016

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Image Source: Iskander HFC (commons.wikimedia)

Image Source: (commons.wikimedia)

Alexander Adams, who was a Scottish sea captain, introduced this tree to Hawaii.
Native to the West Indies.
Bitter rind of the fruit gives the tree its name.
Sweet tasting orange fruit that can be eaten raw or cooked or preserved.
Dark green foliage.

(Source: Majesty I, 1982)

Large, heavy-branched evergreen tree with a dense, columnar crown.
Can grow up to 65 ft. in height.
Super shiny leaves.
Ornamental tree for shade.
Tropical or moist to wet climates.
Medicinal properties in folk medicine.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

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Mango - Mangifera indica

10/6/2016

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Image Source: Forest and Kim Starr (Wiki Commons)

Can reach up to 50-100 ft. in height.
Mango is an important part in culture and diet of many different cultures.
Common garden tree throughout tropics.
High in vitamin A.
Trees blooms in mid to late winter.
Most popular tropical fruit.
Native in tropical Asia.
Introduced to Hawaii in 1825.

Source: (Elevitch, 2006)

Brought aboard the HMS Blonde in 1825.
Cultigen tree, meaning it has no known counterpart in the wild.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Mangosteen - Garcinia mangostana

10/5/2016

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Image Source: Michael Hermann (commons.wikimedia)

Small, slow growing, evergreen tree whose crown is pyramidal.
Can grow up to 80 ft. tall.
Edible fruit and very tasty.
Native to East Asia - Malaysia.
Widely cultivated in Indonesia and Malaysia.
Very rare to see them growing in the wild.
Has many medicinal properties using parts from almost all of the tree.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

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Mexican Fan Palm - Washingtonia robusta

10/4/2016

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Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Large and fast growing.
Native to Mexico.
Can reach up to 100 ft. tall.
Street or avenue tree.
Moderate tolerance to salt.
Best grown in full sun.

(Source: Rauch, 2000)

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Mindanao Gum - Eucalyptus deglupta

10/3/2016

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Fast growing evergreen tree.
Can grow up to 195 ft. tall with some specimens growing to 250 ft. tall.
The bowl can sometimes take up to 50-70% of the tree height.
Widely known for its wood which is traded all over the world.
Species grown in humid rain forests.
Due to attractive bark and quick growth, it is commonly used as an ornamental tree.
Native to Southeast Asia, Philippines, and New Guinea.
Large doses of its oil of eucalyptus has caused fatalities from intestinal irrigation.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

Moderate wind and salt tolerance.
Large puffs of white flowers appear in spring.

(Source: Rauch, 2000)

Harold L. Lyon planted first seeds from New Guinea in 1939.
A french botanist gave it its name "Eucalyptus" which means "well covered".

(Source: Majesty II, 1991)

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Monkeypod Tree – Albizia Saman

10/2/2016

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Image Source: Brian Bagnall

Can reach up to 80 ft. tall with a large spreading canopy.
Native from Mexico to Peru and Brazil.
Introduced to Hawaii in the 1850’s.
One of the most common and popular tree in Hawaii.
Found on all major islands.
Great for parks as a shade tree.
Widely known for its huge, spreading canopy.

Source: (Majesty II, 1991)

One of the most popular shade trees in the tropics.
Rapid growing deciduous tree forms an umbrella like crown.
From tropical America.
Flowers form late spring to summer.
Sun lover, thrives in all moist, well-drained soils due to its nitrogen fixing ability.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Rapid grower.
Leaves open out by day to screen off sun’s rays.
Leaves close at dusk shedding dew.
Pink leaves at top in spring.

Source: (Majesty I, 2006)

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Moreton Bay Fig - Ficus macrophylla

10/1/2016

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Image Source: Forest and Kim Starr (Wiki Commons)

Between 1851 and 1857, seeds arrived in Honolulu form the Sydney Botanic Garden.
Fruit is tasteless, but very attractive.
Native to Queensland and New South Wales in Australia.

Source: (Majesty I, 1982)

Up to 60 ft. in height.
Fast growing.
Large, leathery leaves and dense canopy.
Effective for noise control.

Source: (Rauch, 2000)

Huge roots.
Reforestation purposes.

Source: (Wageman, 2008)

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Mountain Apple - Syzygium malaccense

9/30/2016

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Image Source: Starr (commons.wikimedia)

Image Source: MurielBendel (commons.wikimedia)

Also known as Malay Apple.
Evergreen tree.
Crown spreads in a cone shape.
Can grow 16-65 ft. tall.
Edible fruit.
Harvested from wild and locally eaten.
Rose purple flowers.
Found in Southeast Asia, Thailand, Myanmar, Malaysia, New Guinea, Bismark Islands, and Northern Australia.
Has medicinal properties.

(Source: UTP, 2014)

Native in the Indo-Malayan region or Southeast Asia.
Cultivated over a long time in tropics.
Fruit is glossy red.
Fairly resistant to pests.

(Source: Elevitch, 2006)

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Mysore Fig - Ficus drupacea

9/29/2016

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Image Source: Vinayaraj (commons.wikimedia)

Image Source: J.M. Garg (commons.wikimedia)

Can grow 30-40 ft. tall.
In more humid forests, some specimens can grow up to 131 ft. tall.
Tree attaches to host and eventually over takes it.
Harvested from wild for local food, medicine, and wood.
Fruit is a vibrant orange-red color.
Range is East Asia, South China, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, Solomon Isles, Philippines, New Guinea, and Australia.
Grows wild in a range of soils.

( Source: UTP, 2014)

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Jack-in-the-Box Fruit Tree - Hernandia nymphaeifolia

Kamani - Calophyllum inophyllum

Kapok - Ceiba pentandra

Kassod - Senna Siamea

Kauila - Alphitonia ponderosa

Kauri (Queensland) – Agathis robusta

Kiawe - Prosopis pallida

Koa - Acacia koa

Kopiko ‘ula Tree – Psychotria hawaiiensis

Kou Tree – Cordia subcordata

Kukui Tree – Aleurites moluccana

Litchi (Lychee) - Litchi chinensis

Loulu Palm – Pritchardia lowreyana

Loulu Lelo Palm – Pritchardia hillebrandii

Macadamia Nut - Macadamia integrifolia

Mahogany - Swietenia macrophylla

Mammee Apple - Mammea americana

Mango - Mangifera indica

Mangosteen - Garcinia mangostana

Mexican Fan Palm - Washingtonia robusta

Mindanao Gum - Eucalyptus deglupta

Monkeypod Tree – Albizia Saman

Moreton Bay Fig - Ficus macrophylla

Mountain Apple - Syzygium malaccense

Mysore Fig - Ficus drupacea

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